Urban economics homework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Urban economics homework - Assignment Example b) Utilities are a typical household expense that can drive a person’s monthly expenses up or down, depending on the season. Therefore, it is not possible that all the 50 residents can have the same level of utility. c) Capitalization causes the equilibrium, and the price per unit housing may differ following the fact that, equilibrium between the two jurisdictions, and poor households are the majority in the inner parts of an urban area where they vote for a low public service level. At the same time in the suburbs, the majority households are rich and they vote high public service. However, the commuting cost, land prices, and income can adjust making both case of households indifferent between jurisdictions. a) In respect to the household wealth complements, people prefer to live in communities with a higher level of public good and higher taxes than others. The economic intuition for this behavior can be attributed to the source and level of income that a households gets on a monthly base or annually. This would differentiate between the two types of household (Balchin, Paul, David Isaac, and Jean). b) As mentioned earlier in case 1 the utility level depends on a season. Again the amount of income comes in where by high income earners utility level is likely to be high compared to that of low income earner. c) The equilibrium level in terms of price per house cannot remain constant. This is because factors such as the commuting cost, land prices, income, environmental conditions, security, house demand and the quality of a those house units keeps on changing. d) It is unlikely that the wage level between the two types of households is the same following the fact that households with above-average income pay high taxes than they get while households with inferior than average income get more than their tax liability. Households with higher incomes demand more of the public good, they are likely to pay high taxes due to rising income if

Performance Management System for Managers Essay - 1

Performance Management System for Managers - Essay Example The performance management systems’ objective is to ensure that the right people are getting the bonuses, incentives and so on as well as point out the ones who have fallen short on the company’s expectations over a period of time. This would help in giving them rewards and incentives which will eventually make one and all happy at the end. Also, this will continue their desire to achieve more and more within a specified period of time and thus come into the good books of the company. In return, they can be given all these rewards so that they could be encouraged in line with their work attitudes. Moreover, the people who lag behind with regards to their work schedules and dedication levels will stand up and take notice and thus would want to be counted as the effective and efficient ones within the company as well. The key elements/processes would be in the form of bonuses, incentives, rewards and so on. The role played by the organizations in advancing their performan ce management systems is immense since a lot of the population depends on them for their needs and wants. This is met in a fair manner courtesy the E-government initiative adopted by several different companies and organizations. All such innovations which help and facilitate the related process must indeed be given thumbs up since these try to solve the miseries of the people and it is because of these people that the performance management systems are put into place originally. This further pinpoints the fact that the deployment of an efficient performance management system policy within the organization would indeed help it to essentially tackle its internal issues in a better and more effective manner possible. (Bassett, 1993) There is a lot of growth potential for the sales force to be automated in the business to business environments since performance management systems are in place, more so because the business to business scenarios boost a trend of interaction in between th e channel members no matter  which marketplace they hail from.  

Discuss Classic Film Posters Essay Example for Free

Discuss Classic Film Posters Essay Introduction Movie posters today are considered collectibles and rare ones fetch high prices. Great movie posters are hard to find. Historically, most posters are cut and paste jobs that do not sell the movie very well while a great poster could intrigue, shock, inspire as well as excite.   To create sensation and convince viewers, it should be aesthetically beautiful or original as well memorable that a single glance will make the viewer go inside the theatre to watch. According to Kinross (1991), graphic design is the activity that evolved out of what has been known as ‘commercial art’ closely linked to advertising, drawn or painted illustration. The graphic designer is generally acknowledged among themselves as professional designers who are able to work across a range of fields with different media including companies and corporate bodies, book or magazine publishing, exhibition design, signing and architectural graphics, television graphics, posters, among others. Hollis acknowledged that up to the Second World War, artists who are either painters or sculptors such as Kurt Schwitters, Willi Baumeister, and Friedrich Vordemberge-Gildewart. He also added that there had been a crisis in design as computerized designers go off in one direction led by Basel-Wolfgang Weingart and commercially developed by April Greiman and the New Wave of Americans (Kinross, 1991). â€Å"It was something to do with graphic and typographic freedom and with making new images, presenting information as a decorative style†¦ emerged from the new technology of the computer,† Hollis said (Kinross, 1991, p 75). Hollis also believed then that the graphic designer does not control the content of what he or she is designing. He also observed that in postmodernism, there is a large element of eclecticism that borrow past styles and apply them such as what Bruno Mongunzzi, a classic modern typographer and an intelligent designer who is â€Å"not highly original †¦ [with the] notion of â€Å"I don’t want to be interesting, I want to be good,† (p 75). Hollis delineated art as pre aesthetic information while graphics is information which could inevitably become aesthetic. Hollis and Kinross agree that â€Å"graphic design is modernism in the graphic field†¦ the conjunction of image and text† (p 76) of which Hollis emphasized the importance of the relationship between image and text. Lithography (from 1800) was credited to allow joining of image and text laboriously by hand. Likewise, aside from text and image, there was also the conjunction of image and image where photography provided raw material for montage such as John Heartfield’s, and by making surrealism possible images which appeared to be machine-made. Photography was considered as the central generator of graphic design of the modern movement citing the Volkswagen advertisement in particular (Kinross, 1991). Design as also closely linked, if not overlapped with advertising starting the 1960s. Hollis proposed that it was difficult to separate graphics from marketing which is, â€Å"a distinctly bourgeois activity, which has occasionally, probably through pop music, had connections with some sort of mass culture,† (Kinross, 1991, p 79-80). This paper shall try to discuss the organization, design, use of colour, spatial layout, and lettering in the movie posters: The Bridge on the River Kwai, The Guns of Navarone, The Magnificent Seven, and The Great Escape with the above premise. Discussion: The Bridge on the River Kwai. Design This poster uses period book-type design with an obvious elongated presentation. The type spacing or leading is not controlled and seem to take up much space to provide cramped texts that followed, including the movie title. It also uses illustrations in layered format from the smallest image below, a bigger image above it, and the biggest one showing up close in action the lead character. In fact, the rectangle below the introductory four-line texts seem to be a book cover superimposed on the lower small image with the matching text so that the poster seem to have used a book cover itself. Color The use of color is impressive as the classic eye-catching combination of yellow and red are used. A little of blue text complemented the overall mix of colors. Spatial Lay-out As mentioned earlier, there seem to be a followed desire to use a book cover format with introductory catch lines above and supporting details just below the book cover image. The concept, although longer than the usual movie poster, is impressive. Lettering Type fonts were already used in this print but the title â€Å"The Bridge on the River Kwai† is definitely hand-executed in bold, uneven manner which is very prominent. The Guns of Navarone. Design This one uses comics-type illustration and classic poster size to present strong images of the lead characters and the sea. Already, the use of the classic movie poster lay-out is laid and presented making this one in hand-lettering and cut and paste rendition one for the books. Color The use of the yellow/brown and red combination is another notable characteristic of this movie poster. It is catchy with a huge single image in symmetrical balance with the lead credits. However, its catch line superimposed on the image is not very noticeable or striking. Lettering The Guns of Navarone is also hand-executed with uneven yet type-cast style showing ethnic influence in the design and lettering. The bigger presentation of the lead character names overshadow the movie title, showing that the characters are more saleable than the story plot. Or that each could help sell the other. A witty approach towards commercialism. Spatial Lay-out The use of space and overall design of the poster is pleasing and symmetrical. It is also-well-balanced and does not stray the attention away from it. The Magnificent Seven. Design The Magnificent Seven uses the number image as its main design structure showcasing the face of the lead characters. It has a convincing approach to the use of graphics and confining images in a relevant manner so as to emphasize the number. Color Once again, the colors red and yellow are very evident in this poster although the gray, black and white images of the faces and heads confined within the number add a balance that mutes the overwhelming yellow. The use of the neutrals or muted hues is very rational as use of human flesh colors could drown the effect red and yellow provide. However, additional color on the images below the number 7 could have provided more impact, intrigue and variety. Spatial Lay out The lay-out is quite crampy within the confines of the number 7, with much waste on the sides of each space. The limitation could have been the effect of printing graphics at that time. Use of machine is already evident at this poster and the font sizes and the wasted spaces provide a glimpse of experimentation being used. Lettering A combination of hand-executed lettering and machine type, this one shows the limitation of graphic design during the period. The Great Escape. Design Considered the quad poster, this one uses horizontal design to present the entire poster. The balance is achieved through the placement of small catch line on the left and the title and image on the center-right. Color The use of basic red and blue is very effective as black balances the off-white color of the reversed title in big fat fonts. Spatial lay out There is also the experimentation of text size in this poster. While balance is being achieved, there is also the wastage of some space where the catch line could have gained advantage. However, since commercial design was in its adolescent stage, this is forgivable. Lettering Machine seems to be the evident executor at this poster. Every letter size and type are uniformed and the limited use of space made it more obvious. Conclusion The period when photographs are hardly used, comic and book art illustrations were used in movie posters. These posters achieved classic popularity and acceptance due to use of what are typically accepted design concepts at that time; use of basic colors red, yellow and blue which appear striking against one another at the same time catchy in the commercial sense, attainment of balance and symmetry by not tilting the meter of text and photos to only a single side, or plain use of centering. The lay-out and ettering are evidently limited due to time and resources restrictions. However, in a period when posters were used as announcements and not exactly collectible graphic arts, these are acceptable norms for movie posters. Current trends, however, may provide new design concepts that may or may not be considered acceptable in any other given period. Design mutates, and popular taste is conditioned, influenced, as well as acquired. So does design and movie posters. Reference: Kinross, Robin (1992). â€Å"Conversation with Richard Hollis on Graphic Design History.†Ã‚   Journal of Design History 5 (3) 73-93. Hershenson, Bruce (1998). â€Å"A History of Movie Posters.† Reel Classics.

The Southern Pride Of The Civil War English Literature Essay

The Southern Pride Of The Civil War English Literature Essay The Civil War was from 1861-1865. The outcome of the war and the war itself impacted not only the people of that era, but also American literature. Authors infused the ways of the northern and southern people into their works like a baker folding food coloring into batter to make a delicious confetti cake. For example, in A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner, Faulkner writes and now miss Emily had gone to join the represtatives of those august names where they lay in the cedar-bunds cemetery among the ranked and anonymous graves of the union and confederate soldiers who fell at the battle of Jefferson.(89). In Faulkners short story the aftermath of the historical event, the civil war, is seen in the symbolism he uses throughout the short story, his character Emily, and his view of the south. In A Rose for Emily symbolism is used to show the effects of the civil war on the south and to lay a deeper meaning in the short story. At the beginning of this story the house is old, worn down, and out of style. It is described to have once been white, decorated with cupolas and spires and scrolled balconies in the lightsome style of  the seventies.(Faulkner 89). The house can symbolize the fall of the old south and the fallout of southern traditions since the civil war. The house also symbolizes the break down of miss Emily emotionally and physically over the years. Back when Emilys father died the house was still in good condition and kept up with, Emily also kept up with herself. She was young and considered a proper southern belle. When miss Emily dies she is old and her hair has turned gray. Just as Emily is stubborn so is the house. She refused to accept the modern ideas, when the town got free postal delivery miss Emily alone refused to let them fasten the metal numbers ab ove her door and attach a mailbox to it.(Faulkner 93), as it seems the house rejected updating with the new advances. A couple symbols to tell that time was passing are Miss Emilys pocket watch and her hair. The pocket watch is only mentioned once in the story. It was when the Board of Aldermen went to her house to collect taxes. They were in the living room and after the board was done talking, then thru could hear the invisible watch ticking at the end of the gold chain.(Faulkner 90). The ticking is a sign that time never stops and that southern ideals are changing. Emilys hair turned gray over the years, when we next saw muss Emily, she had grown hatband her hair was turning gray. During the next few years it grew grayer and grayer until it creased turning.(Faulkner 93). This showed time passing by. Homer Barron in this short story symbolizes a rat and the north. Homer symbolizes a rat to Emily when she found out he was not a marrying man(Faulkner 92). He most likely wouldnt hav e kept a promise to marry her so to Emily arsenic was a good choice of poison to kill him with. The druggist wrote a note of the box of arsenic For rats!'(Faulkner 92). Homer also symbolizes the north because he is from the north and has northern ideals. He portrays the northern ideals moving into the south. A rose from the title a rose for Emily symbolizes preservation. Homer is the rose when Emily kills him and keeps him in her room. The room has valance curtains of faded rose color, upon the rose-shaded lights(Faulkner 94), which is the perfect place to preserve a body. Emily preserved him like a rose to make him last. The rose is preservation of southern ideals as well. Also the rose is a remembrance of death. A lot of death occurred throughout this short story. The rose could also symbolize silence. With homer representing the north and a rose as silence, homers death is a way that Emily silenced the north or change in her life. Miss Emily symbolizes the old south. Emilys fathe r raised her on the southern ways, alive, miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a card; a sort of heredity obligation upon the town, dating from that day in 1894(Faulkner 90). She was traditional, as in not paying taxes, like most southern people are. Death symbolizes Emilys life. She was alive but not really living the life she had. In a way she is death as in the grim reaper. Her father dies in her presence and she kills homer Barron. Emily herself dies in this short story, thus symbolizing the death of the old south. Faulkner uses symbolism in a rose fir Emily to help portray what kind of character Emily is. Faulkners character Emily is affected by the civil wars outcome. Emilys father settled in Jefferson, Mississippi after the war. Her father instilled strong southern beliefs into Emily. An effect of this is that Emily is stubborn and unwilling to change. Her refusal to pay taxes makes her more than just a stubborn town eccentric.(Smith 3). Miss Emily refused to conform to the ideals of the town when she wouldnt let the people put numbers on her house. Proof of Emily having southern beliefs is that her servant is black, a few of the ladies had the temerity to call, but were not received, and the only sign of life about the place was the Negro man -a young man then- going in and out with a market basket.(Faulkner 91). The black servant refers back to when slaves where allowed in the south. Miss Emilys father had repressed Emily from suitors,Mr. Grierson was a strict man who demanded high standards from hid daughter.(Black 4). The lacks of interaction with people lead her to have, the in ability to feel or demonstrate appropriate affect, or emotion, that is congruent to a particular situation.(Smith 2). Always being under her fathers control leads her to deny her fathers death. With her newly found freedom she cut off her hair as a sign of breaking away from her fathers control.(Fatima 3). Homer Barron started off as a fling; then became an obsession for Emily. The male presence was needed for her to function properly; homer was merely filling a vacancy(Bernardo 1). Emilys obsession over him made her never want to let him go. The fact that homer wasnt the marrying type pushed Emily over the edge to kill him, so she wouldnt ever have to let him go and keep him forever in her presence. Miss Emilys father presses southern ideals into Emily, which had a bad effect on her. Faulkner expresses the civil war affects through Emily. Emily is also a good expression on his views of the south. Faulkners vision of the south is seen through symbolism, the character of Emily and the events that take place in the short story. Homer represents the north. The north is inviting itself into the south and pushing away traditions that have been carried on for decades with the power the civil war has given it. When homer was supposively courting with miss Emily the town was appalled, at first we were glad that miss Emily would have an interest, because the ladies all said, of course a Grierson would not think seriously of a Northerner, a day laborer. (Faulkner 92). As the story goes on the south, represented by Emily, wins the battle. This is when she poisoned homer in fear of him leaving her. The town thinks that Emily has ran homer off, but instead she has killed him so she can keep him for herself. Emily silenced homer, thus preserving the integrity of the old southern ways. Faulkner has given the south a win in his short story since in the civil war the south lost to the north. A s the story unravels, in time so does Emily and the house. They both grow old and weathered. The southern ideals are dwindling away also as time goes on. Even though most of the south has forgotten Emily hasnt. She is the rose of preservation for southern ideals, traditions, and way of living. When Emily dies it means that all recollection of the old south is gone along with her. In William Faulkners A Rose for Emily, Faulkner wrote, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦-some in their brushed Confederate uniforms-à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Faulkner 94). This was describing some veterans at Emilys funeral. IN this short story symbolism, the character Emily, and the view of the south show the consequences of the north winning in the Civil War. In American literature the Civil War shaped the works of many authors around that time era. Bernardo, Karen. William Faulkners A Rose for Emily'. 5/5/2010. Blank, Amanda. Short Story Reviews: A Rose for Emily, by William Faulkner. 5/5/2010. . Fatima. A Rose for Emily. 5/5/2010. Faulkner, William. A Rose for Emily. Trans. Thomas Gould. Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing. Ed. Edgar Roberts. New York: Longman, 2009. Print. Smith, Nicole. Psychological Character Analysis of Emily in A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner. 5/52010.

footprints new :: essays research papers

We all know the story of Footprints In The Sand, it's been around for > > > > >a long time. The following is a new version of Footprints that I had > > > >not read before. I hope you enjoy it. > > > > > > > >FOOTPRINTS...A New Version > > > >Imagine you and the Lord Jesus are walking down the road together. > > > >For much of the way, the Lord's footprints go along steadily, > > > >consistently, rarely varying the pace. But your footprints are a > > > >disorganized stream of zigzags, starts, stops, turnarounds, circles, > > > >departures, and returns. > > > > > > > >For much of the way, it seems to go like this, but gradually your > > > >footprints come more in line with the Lord's, soon paralleling His > > > >consistently. You and Jesus are walking as true friends! > > > > > > > >This seems perfect, but then an interesting thing happens: Your > > > >footprints that once etched the sand next to Jesus' are now walking > > > >precisely in His steps. Inside His larger footprints are your smaller > > > > >ones, you and Jesus are becoming one. > > > > > > > >This goes on for many miles, but gradually you notice another change. > > > > >The footprints inside the large footprints seem to grow larger. > > > >Eventually they disappear altogether. There is only one set of > > > >footprints they have become one. > > > > > > > >This goes on for a long time, but suddenly the second set of > > > >footprints is back. This time it seems even worse! Zigzags all over > > > >the place. Stops. Starts. Gashes in the sand. A variable mess of > > > >prints. > > > > > > > >You are amazed and shocked. Your dream ends. > > > > > > > >Now you pray: "Lord, I understand the first scene with zigzags end > > > >fits. I was a new Christian; I was just learning. But You walked on > > > >through the storm and helped me learn to walk with You." > > > > > > > >"That is correct." > > > > > > > >"And when the smaller footprints were inside of Yours, I was actually > > > > >learning to walk in Your steps; followed You very closely." > > > > > > > >"Very good.

Daniel Quinn’s Ishmael - The Destruction Continues :: Quinn Ishmael Essays

Ishmael   - The Destruction Continues Ishmael  Ã‚   The Biblical depiction of Adam and Eve's "fall" builds the foundation of Daniel Quinn's novel, Ishmael. In this adventure of the spirit, a telepathic gorilla, Ishmael, uses the history of Biblical characters in order to explain his philosophy on saving the world.   Attracting his final student, the narrator of the novel, with an advertisement "Teacher seeks pupil. Must have an earnest desire to save the world. Apply in person," Ishmael counsels the narrator through a series of questions that force him to stretch his mind. Diving straight into Biblical allusions, Ishmael begins his lesson with the history of his evolution from "Goliath" (17) to Ishmael. He explains this evolution as a time of realization where he shifts from blindly accepting the infamous reputation of Goliath, an evil giant from the Bible, to the quiet, thoughtful being of Ishmael. After his brief history, Ishmael shifts his attention to the creation. "A culture is a people enacting a story" (41), and the story of the Garden of Eden opened up new thoughts on man's transformation from dependent to independent beings. When Adam and Eve began their lives on earth, they fully depended on the gods for all their necessities. Just like all of the other animals in the garden, they followed the philosophy of "leavers" and left the question of who should live and who should die up to the gods. However, the serpent, a member of the "taker" group tempted Eve with fruit from a tree that would give them the knowledge of life and death. Eve, which means "life" (179) in turn, tempted Adam with the fruit. Although pre-warned that eating this forbidden fruit would kill man, Adam fell into temptation and his desire for life. Through this action, his eyes were partially opened to the gods' vision. However, this knowledge ultimately would lea d to the fulfillment of the gods' warnings that "[the world's] doom was assured" (166). After man's realization, he placed himself in a category separate from the animals and beasts that continued to rely on the world's situation rather than themselves. An allusion to the Biblical story of Adam and Eve's descendents, Cain and Abel continued the progression of man's shift from leavers, to what they are now, takers. The taker philosophy that "the world was made for man" (61), epitomized the their obstinate attitude that the universe was meant to be conquered and exploited by humans.

Unit 3 Health and Safety Describe How Key Legislation in Relation to Health, Safety and Security Influence Health and Social Care Delivery.

Unit 3 health and safety Describe how key legislation in relation to health, safety and security influence health and social care delivery. Health and social care settings are covered by specific legislation and laws from the government to enable the care setting is operating the optimum way. Acts like the Health and safety at work act (1974) this act applies to all workplaces and it pull all the laws together so that all organisations were covered by the same legislation. However there are other regulations that apply to specific areas of work. These are The food safety act 1990 This act ensures that all food complies with the food safety act and its definition which includes drinks and chewing gum. There are four major offences in this act. – Making food dangerous to health deliberately or accidentally (adding things to food) – Selling food that does not complies with the food safety requirement being unfit for human consumption. – Selling food that is not of t he nature or quality required by the consumer. – Falsely describing, labelling or advertising food and food products. †¢ safety (general food hygiene) regulations 1995 This act ensures all food is handled correctly, the area where food is prepared must be clean, hands must be washed, hair should be covered, separate work areas should be used to prevent cross contamination of cooked and raw food. Following this regulation is especially important in health and social care settings as service users may be vulnerable. †¢ Reporting of injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences regulations (RIDDOR)1995 The RIDDOR regulation applies to all places of work, but not to all work incidents need to be reported. Incidents that need to be reported are ones that happened because of the work the people were doing. To be serious enough to be reported under RIDDOR an accident would have to result in an employee: -dying -injuries resulting in 3 days or more off from work – suffering from major injuries like fractured bones (these exclude fractures to the fingers, thumbs or toes), amputation of limbs and dislocation. †¢ Control of substances hazardous to health regulation (COSHH) 2002. This legislation was introduced in 2002 and covers the use and storage of chemicals. All health and social care services have to ensure that their working environment is safe and can not harm the service users or care professionals. An example of this would be at a nursery cleaning products like bleach being left in the reach of children. †¢ Manual handling operations regulations 1992 This act promotes safer moving and handling and appropriate use of equipment for example using lifts to help service users in an out of the bath instead of trying to live a service user by hand. This is an important act in health and social care because it prevents injuries to service users or care employees †¢ Data protection act 1998 This act protects individual’s rights to their personal data being stored. This act covers the processing, gathering, storing and sharing of an individual’s data. This is important in health and social care settings as service users information is used daily. When sharing an individual’s personal data consent to the sharing of their data is needed. Management of health and safety at work regulations 1999 This regulation requires employers to carry out regular risk assessments, look at changes and then re-asses the risks as necessary. This is important in health and social care settings as care organisations have a duty to minimise to their service users. Unit 3 health and safety Describe how policies and procedures promote health, safety and security in a health and social care workplace. Whilst on work experience at Jubilee children centre I was informed on a number of different policies and procedures. I was shown where the first aid box was and shown a book that I would have to write in if I injured myself this comes under (RIDDOR). The nursery officer told me that all the staff where qualified first aiders. Names of staff and children were registered in the morning as a safety precaution and also as a fire procedure. This is to ensure that all people present in the nursery can be accounted for in the event of a fire. A safety gate to the nursery had to be closed at all times and